If as is usually the case, there is a shortfall between what you forecast you can earn and what you need to spend in the coming year, you have to find ways of closing the gap. If you can raise more income, well and good, but note if that has associated costs and provide for them in the expenditure part of the budget.
You may need to make further cuts as a result or make other changes in your operations...
There is no point in planning your budget and in gathering the information if you do not use it. You should keep simple spreadsheets of actual expenditure and income and actual cash flow if you do not have a bookkeeper/accountant do this for you. Have a review each month of your own numbers, even if you have an accountant to prepare quarterly management accounts only. Keep a very close eye on the cash balance, but also on the numbers generally – are they up or down on expectations in the budget – why?
Income needs to be spent in a particular year unless it has already been agreed with the Revenue Commissioners as to why it will not be spent in that particular year.
What are Charity Reserves?
For the purposes of this document reserves can be understood as income that becomes available to the charity and is to be expended at the discretion of the Board